CHAPTER 2

WHERE OBELISKS CAME FROM

New York City's Central Park:



There's an obelisk in the park. It doesn't belong there. It was brought from Egypt in the 19th century AD:



When you stand beside it and look up you can get a better feeling for its power. It was carved from a single block of stone: granite. It stands 69 1/2 feet high. It weighs about three hundred and sixty tons with its original mount, which is missing, and it's about three thousand five hundred years old. But you can still see the hieroglyphs carved into it. Now THAT'S an obelisk.

There's another genuine obelisk, brought from Egypt to London, England. It's 68 1/2 feet high and stands on the Embankment beside the Thames river:



There are hieroglyphs carved into it. It's called Cleopatra's needle. She was a Queen of Egypt and lived 68-30 BC. The obelisk has nothing to do with Cleopatra, and the plaques at the base are not related to the obelisk. In part they commemorate the men who died bringing it to London in 1868 AD. It was abandoned during a storm in the Bay of Biscay, but later recovered. The obelisk is said to have been created during the reign of Pharaoh Tuthmose 3. I have three dates for his reign, from three different sources: about 1500 BC; about 1600 BC; and 1490-1436 BC; so at least two of them are wrong. The obelisk now in New York is also said to have been constructed by order of Tuthmose 3.

In earliest times the carvings were about the Gods and Goddesses but later, such as on these obelisks, the kings of Egypt claimed to be sons of the Gods and covered the obelisks with announcements of their own successes.

The ancient Romans brought 12 obelisks from Egypt to Italy. And in 1585 AD Pope Sixtus V had another one brought over to Italy and erected in St. Peter's square. Fontana, the man commissioned to erect it, made elaborate plans. He used over 900 men, 67 horses and 40 capstans to raise it. The Pope had a cross put on top of it, like this:



Of course a Christian cross has nothing to do with an obelisk.

Although Egypt is the real home of obelisks, few remain there. Two of these are still standing, at Karnak.



Obelisks go very far back in ancient history, probably older than the ancient Egyptian Sphinx, and that's said to be about 4,400 years old.

Here's a vignette from the Book of the Dead:



No one knows how old the origins of this ancient Egyptian text are, or can explain the strange beings to whom the priests are offering sacrifices, but the beings appear to be related to obelisks.

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